Analysis of the Legal Status of Employment Relationships and Legal Protection for Workers with Disabilities (Field Study: Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises Companies X and Y)
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This research aimed to analyze the legal status of employment relationships and the protection policies provided to workers with disabilities in two micro and small food and beverage (F&B) enterprises, namely Kopi X in Jakarta and Kafe Y in Bandung. The research focused on examining the validity requirements of employment agreements, the types of employment relationships established, and the protection of wages, working hours, and rest periods. This study employed an exploratory qualitative method, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and reviews of relevant regulations and academic publications. The findings revealed that workers with intellectual disabilities at Kopi X were employed as part-time workers, with employment agreements represented by their parents in accordance with their legal right to appoint representatives. Although part-time employment arrangements are not specifically regulated under Indonesian labor law, the protections provided were aligned with the provisions applicable to fixed-term employment agreements (Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu or PKWT). At Kafe Y, workers with visual impairments were employed under PKWT arrangements and signed their employment agreements independently because they were legally competent under civil law. Wage protection at Kopi X exceeded the minimum hourly wage requirements, while wages at Kafe Y did not meet the regional minimum wage but remained compliant with micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) provisions under Government Regulation No. 36/2021. Both companies complied with statutory provisions regarding working hours and rest periods and provided reasonable accommodations tailored to workers’ disability characteristics. This research highlighted the importance of adapting employment procedures for workers with disabilities and emphasized the need for clearer regulations governing part-time employment arrangements to address existing normative gaps.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eka Saputra, Ramdhani Purbo Wijaya , Aisyah Zahra Magfirah
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