JOSR: Journal of Social Research

November 2022, 1 (12), 765-770

p-ISSN: 2827-9832 e-ISSN: 2828-335x

Available online at http:// https://ijsr.internationaljournallabs.com/index.php/ijsr

http://ijsr.internationaljournallabs.com/index.php/ijsr

CARROT (DAUCUS CAROTA L.) AND TOMATOES (SOLANUM

LYCOPERSICUM) PUDDING TO LOWER THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF

THE ELDERLY

Retno Wahyuningsih, Olga Fuji Anugrah, Ni Ketut Sri Sulendri, Suhaema, Made

Darawati

Department of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Mataram, Indonesia

retnogiana@gmail.com

Abstrak (Indonesia)

Received:

Revised :

Accepted:

November 20,

2022

November 22,

2022

November 24,

2022

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi pada lansia masih menjadi

masalah kesehatan yang perlu ditanggapi dengan serius.

Salah satu pengobatan non-farmakologis untuk hipertensi

adalah dengan memanfaatkan kandungan kalium dalam

buah-buahan, sayuran dan umbi-umbian seperti wortel dan

tomat yang mengandung antioksidan tinggi seperti kalium,

likopen, vitamin A, B, dan C.

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian puding

wortel (Daucus Carota L.) dan tomat (Solanum

Lycopersicum) terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada

lansia.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis Quasy-

Experiment dengan desain penelitian Pretest-Posttest With

Control Group. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini

berjumlah 22 orang dan dipilih oleh Simple Random

Sampling. Sampel dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu

kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi dengan

pemberian puding wortel dan tomat selama 7 hari berturut-

turut.

Hasil: Uji statistik menyatakan bahwa tekanan darah sistolik

pada kelompok intervensi diperoleh p value = 0,046 (p<,

0,05), pada kelompok kontrol a p value = 0,221 (p>, 0,05).

Tekanan darah diastolik pada kelompok intervensi diperoleh

p = 0,024 (p <, 0,05), dan pada kelompok kontrol tekanan

darah diastolik diperoleh p = 0,588 (p>, 0,005). Hal ini

menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan tekanan darah

sistolik dan diastolik yang signifikan antara kelompok

intervensi dengan kelompok kontrol.

Kesimpulan: Ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam tekanan

darah sistolik dan diastolik antara kelompok intervensi dan

kelompok kontrol.

Retno Wahyuningsih, Olga Fuji Anugrah, Ni Ketut Sri Sulendri, Suhaema, Made Darawati /

JOSR: Journal of Social Research, 1(12), 765-770

CARROT (DAUCUS CAROTA L.) AND TOMATOES (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM)

PUDDING TO LOWER THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF THE ELDERLY

766

Kata kunci: blood Pressure, carrot and tomato pudding,

elderly.

Abstract (English)

Background: Hypertension in the elderly is still a health

problem that needs to be taken seriously. One of the non-

pharmacological treatments for hypertension is to utilize

the potassium content in fruits, vegetables and tubers such

as carrots and tomatoes which contain high antioxidants

such as potassium, lycopene, vitamins A, B, and C.

Objective: To determine the effect of giving carrot (Daucus

Carota L.) and tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) pudding on

reducing blood pressure in the elderly.

Methods: This study used a Quasy-Experiment type with a

Pretest-Posttest With Control Group research design. The

number of samples in this study amounted to 22 people and

selected by Simple Random Sampling. The sample was

divided into 2 groups, namely the control group and the

intervention group by giving carrot and tomato pudding for

7 consecutive days.

Results: Statistical tests stated that the systolic blood

pressure in the intervention group obtained a p value =

0.046 (p<, 0.05), in the control group a p value = 0.221

(p>, 0.05). Diastolic blood pressure in the intervention

group obtained p = 0.024 (p <, 0.05), and in the control

group diastolic blood pressure obtained p = 0.588 (p>,

0.005). This shows that there is a significant difference in

systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the

intervention group and the control group.

Conslusion: There was a significant difference in systolic

and diastolic blood pressure between the intervention

group and the control group.

Keywords: blood pressure, carrot and tomato pudding,

elderly.

*Correspondent Author: Retno Wahyuningsih

Email : retnogiana@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION

Hypertension is a global public health problem that contributes to degenerative

diseases such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, premature death and disability. Based

on the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2018 it was stated that 71% of the 37 million

Retno Wahyuningsih, Olga Fuji Anugrah, Ni Ketut Sri Sulendri, Suhaema, Made Darawati /

JOSR: Journal of Social Research, 1(12), 765-770

CARROT (DAUCUS CAROTA L.) AND TOMATOES (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM)

PUDDING TO LOWER THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF THE ELDERLY

767

deaths that occurred in the world in 2016 were caused by non-communicable diseases.

Based on data collected in 2015, approximately 22% of adults aged 18 years and over suffer

from hypertension. Meanwhile, according to the 2014 Indonesian Sample Registration

System (SRS) data, hypertension with complications (5.3%) is the number 5 (five) cause

of death at all ages.

Basic health research data (Riskesdas, 2018) shows the prevalence of hypertension

based on measurements in the population aged 18 years is 34.1%, the highest is in South

Kalimantan (44.1%), while the lowest is in Papua (22.2%). Hypertension occurs in the age

group 31-44 years (31.6%), age 45-54 years (45.3%), age 55-64 years (55.2%).

One way to control blood pressure non-pharmacologically is by consuming fruits,

vegetables, or tubers that contain high potassium. Some fruits and vegetables in Indonesia

that can be used as an alternative treatment for hypertension are carrots, cucumbers, celery,

garlic, sweet star fruit, rosella (Herlina, 2021a). Carrots are root vegetables that are usually

yellow-red or yellow-orange in color with a texture similar to wood (Herlina, 2021b). One

of the content of carrots that is good for lowering or controlling blood pressure is potassium.

Potassium is a strong diuretic so that it can help maintain a balance of blood pressure.

Consumption of potassium 4700 mg / day, there is a relationship between increased

potassium intake and decreased intake of Na-K ratio with a decrease in blood pressure

(Chmielewski & Carmody, 2017).

In addition to carrots, one of the natural ingredients used as non-pharmacological

treatment is tomatoes. Tomato is a horticultural product that is easily obtained in Indonesia.

The sweet-sour taste of the fruit is favored by most people. Tomatoes are a source of

vitamin C, vitamin A, and are rich in antioxidants. In general, tomatoes are consumed in

fresh form.

This is t he reason for researchers to see the effect on lowering blood pressure when

carrots and tomatoes are modified in the form of pudding. Modified tomatoes and fruit are

given in the form of pudding to facilitate the chewing process in the elderly who have eating

disorders.

RESEARCH METHOD

The method in this study used a quasi-experimental method with a Pretest-Posttest

design with a control group. In this study, there were two groups (experimental and control)

which were selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria, then pretest was given to determine

whether there was a difference between the treatment group and the control group. This

research was conducted in the working area of the Kotaraja Health Center, Sikur, East

Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province. Pudding was given for 7 days. The population in

this study were patients at the Kotaraja Health Center who had been recorded in the 2019

medical record, namely 846 people and the sample used was 22 people selected by random

sampling.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

1. Characteristics of Research Subjects

The following are the characteristics of the research subjects in table 1.

Table 1. Distribution of Characteristics of Research Subjects

Characteristics

Intervention

Control

n= 11

Age

0,557

Retno Wahyuningsih, Olga Fuji Anugrah, Ni Ketut Sri Sulendri, Suhaema, Made Darawati /

JOSR: Journal of Social Research, 1(12), 765-770

CARROT (DAUCUS CAROTA L.) AND TOMATOES (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM)

PUDDING TO LOWER THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF THE ELDERLY

768

60-74

75-90

90,9

81,8

9,1

18,2

Gender

- Man

- Woman

100

27,3

72,7

0,067

Smoking habits

- Mild: <10 sticks per

day

18,2

0,152

No smoking

100

81,8

.64

Physical Activity

- Mild

90,9

81,8

0,557

- Moderate

9,1

18,2

Family history of hypertension

- Yes

100

0,432

- No

Nutritional status

Underweight Level II

18,2

27,3

0,851

- Underweight Level I

18,2

9,1

- Normal

45,5

54,5

- Overweight Level I

18,2

- Overweight Level II

9,1

Table 1 shows that the characteristics of the research subjects according to age in this

study were mostly aged 60-74 years, as many as 10 people (90.9%) in the intervention

group and 9 people (81.1%) in the control group. Based on gender, most of the research

subjects from both groups were female, namely 11 people (100%) in the intervention group

and 8 people (72.7) in the control group. In the characteristics of smoking habits, most of

the research subjects were in the control group, as many as 2 people (18.2%). On the

characteristics of moderate physical activity, it can be seen that some of them were in the

intervention group as many as 1 person (9.1%) and 2 people (18.2%) were in the control

group. In the characteristics of family history of hypertension, most of the two groups, both

intervention and control, had a family history of hypertension, namely 11 people (100%)

in the intervention group and 11 people in the control group (100%). On the characteristics

of nutritional status, the intervention group had normal nutritional status as many as 5

people (45.5%) and 2 people (18.2%) had overweight nutritional status level I. p value >

0.05, it means that there is no difference in the characteristics of the intervention group and

the control group.

2. The Effect of the Carrot and Tomatto Puding on Blood Pressure

Table 2. The Effect of the Carrot and Tomatto Puding on Blood Pressure

Blood

Pressure

(mmHg

)

Group

Intervention

valu

Control

valu

After

Before

After

Before

Mean±SD

Systolic

191,82±28,9

106,36±11,2

179,09±21,19

99,06±10,44

0,00

0,02

151,82±13,2

85,45±9,34

148,18±14,7

87,27±13,48

0,00

0,04

Retno Wahyuningsih, Olga Fuji Anugrah, Ni Ketut Sri Sulendri, Suhaema, Made Darawati /

JOSR: Journal of Social Research, 1(12), 765-770

CARROT (DAUCUS CAROTA L.) AND TOMATOES (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM)

PUDDING TO LOWER THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF THE ELDERLY

769

Diastoli

a = independent sample t-test

Based on table 2, it can be seen that the average value of systolic blood pressure

before the intervention was 191.82 mmHg while after the intervention the average value of

systolic blood pressure was 179.09. From these treatments, both before and after the results

obtained were 0.005 (p<0.05) so that there was a change in systolic blood pressure between

systolic blood pressure before and after treatment.

In the control group, it can be seen that the average value of systolic blood pressure

before the intervention was 151.82 mmHg while at the end of the study the average value

of systolic blood pressure was 148.18. there was a change in systolic blood pressure

between systolic blood pressure before and after treatment.

The average value of diastolic blood pressure before the intervention in the

intervention group was 106.36 mmHg while after the intervention the average value of

diastolic blood pressure was 99.06 mmHg. From these treatments, both before and after the

results were 0.029 (p<0.05) so that there was a change in diastolic blood pressure between

diastolic blood pressure before and after the intervention.

While in the control group, it can be seen that the average value of diastolic blood

pressure before the value was 85.45 mmHg and after the intervention the average value of

diastolic blood pressure was 87.27. From these treatments, both before and after the results

were 0.048 (p<0.05) so that there was a change in diastolic blood pressure between diastolic

blood pressure before and after treatment.

Carrot and Tomato Pudding is a combination pudding of 150 grams of carrots and

100 grams of tomatoes given every day for 7 consecutive days with a fairly high potassium

content of 601 mg in ±175 grams of pudding cup.

The effect of giving Carrot and Tomato pudding on reducing systolic and diastolic

blood pressure can be seen by looking at the p value using the Independent Samples T-Test

test, for the results of systolic blood pressure in the intervention group before and after the

intervention, the p value = 0.046 (p < 0.05) ) which means that there is a difference in the

decrease in systolic blood pressure before and after the intervention in the intervention

group while the results of diastolic blood pressure after being given the intervention in the

intervention group obtained a p value = 0.024 (p <0.05) which means that there is an effect

of giving carrot and tomato pudding on diastolic blood pressure. .

From the results of Santika's research (Laila et al., 2019), there is an effect between

the blood pressure of hypertensive patients before and after being given carrot juice in

Padang Gelugur Village, Tapus Health Center Work Area for 7 consecutive days. The

nutritional content of tomatoes, namely potassium, is very useful for lowering blood

pressure because potassium can reduce or reduce sodium in urine and water in the same

way as diuretics, keep the body's electrolytes balanced.

In addition to potassium, the content that plays a role is fiber. The mechanism of

fiber to lower blood pressure is related to bile acids. Dietary fiber is able to reduce

circulating cholesterol levels in blood plasma by binding to bile salts, preventing the

absorption of cholesterol in the intestines and increasing bile acid excretion through feces

which can increase the conversion of plasma cholesterol into bile acids and result in a

decrease in blood pressure.

CONCLUSION

There is a decrease in blood pressure both in systolic and diastolic after giving

carrot and tomato pudding

Retno Wahyuningsih, Olga Fuji Anugrah, Ni Ketut Sri Sulendri, Suhaema, Made Darawati /

JOSR: Journal of Social Research, 1(12), 765-770

CARROT (DAUCUS CAROTA L.) AND TOMATOES (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM)

PUDDING TO LOWER THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF THE ELDERLY

770

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